|
Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
|
Journal of Macromarketing, Vol. 26, No. 2,
233-239 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0276146706291039
Alleviating Poverty: A Macro/Micro Marketing Perspective
Philip Kotler
Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University, 2001 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, IL 60208; phone: (847) 491-3522; Pkotler{at}aol.com;p-kotler@kellogg.northwestern.edu
Ned Roberto
Tony Leisner
School of Public Policy and administration at Walden University
The poor represent not only a disgraceful human condition but also a huge potential market if marketers can find ways to serve their needs. But the poor differ greatly from each other in their needs, perceptions, and behavior. Marketers need to apply their skills in market segmentation to distinguish different poverty groups and thus to invoke effective plans and policies to alleviate poverty. Decisions must be made on which poverty segments to target and which social marketing solutions have the best chance of motivating poverty-escaping behavior, to the long-term welfare of individuals, nations, and the global community.
Key Words: poverty poverty solutions market segmentation social welfare social marketing
References
- Adato, M., A. Ahmed, and F. Lund. 2005. Linking safety nets, social protection, and poverty reductionDirections for Africa. Conference brief prepared for the conference on Assuring Food and Nutrition Security in Africa by 2020: Prioritizing Actions, Strengthening Actors, and Facilitating Partnerships, Kampala, Uganda, April 1-3, 2004. http://www.ifpri.org/2020africaconference (accessed March 7, 2005).
- Aleem, I. 1993. Imperfect information, screening, and the costs of informal lending: A study of a rural credit market in Pakistan. In The economics of rural organization: Theory, practice, and policy, edited by K. Hoff, A. Braverman, and J. Stiglitz, 131-153. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Chen, S., D. Gaurav, and M. Ravallion. 1994. Is poverty increasing in the developing world? Review of Income and Wealth 40 (December): 359-376.[CrossRef]
- Dholakia, R., and N. Dholakia. 2001. Social marketing and development. In Handbook on marketing and society, edited by P. N. Bloom and G. T. Gundlack. Thousand Oakes, CA: Sage.
- Domar, E. 1957. Essays in the theory of economic growth. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Friedman, T. 2005. The world is flat: A brief history of the globalized world in the 21st century. London: Penguin Books.
- Gladwell, M. 2000. The tipping point: How little things can make a big difference. New York: Little, Brown.
- Goedhart, T., V.Halberstadt, A. Kapteyn, and B. van Praag. 1977. The poverty line: Concept and measurement. Journal of Human Resources 12:503-520.[CrossRef]
- Grantmakers in Health Resource Center. 2005. Shoring up the safety net: Findings from the Grantmakers in Health Study of Philanthropic Strategies to Support Communities under Stress. http://www.gih.org/%20usr_doc/safety_net_finding.pdf (accessed July 8, 2005); and Agency for Health Care Administration, Safety Net Project Background.http://www.MyFlorida.com (accessed July 8, 2005).
- Gunatilaka, R., and P. A. Kiriwandeniya. 1999. Protection for the vulnerable. Workshop presentation for a Policy Framework for Poverty Reduction in Sri Lanka, October 1999.
- Hagenaars, A. 1986. The perception of poverty. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
- Harrod, R. F. 1948. Towards a dynamic economics. London: Macmillan.
- Inter-American Development Bank. 1998. Facing up to inequality in Latin America. Washington, DC: Inter-American Development Bank.
- Keynes, J. M. 1936. The general theory of employment, interest and money. New York: Harcourt Brace.
- Kotler, P., N. Roberto, and N. Lee. 2002. Social marketing: Improving the quality of life. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Mpagi, J. 2002. Social protection in Uganda: A study to inform the development of a framework for social protection in the context of the Poverty Eradication Action Plan. Phase 1 report, Social Protection Task Force, Uganda, October, 2002. http://www.ids.ac.uk/ids/pvty/pdffiles/UgandaCh1-2.pdf (accessed July 8, 2005).
- Narayan, D. 1994. The contribution of people's participation: Evidence from 121 rural water supply projects. Environmentally Sustainable Development Occasional Paper Series 1. Washington, DC: World Bank.
- Narayan, D. 2002. Empowerment and poverty reduction: A sourcebook. Washington, DC: World Bank.
- Narayan, D., and D. Nyamwaya. 1996. Learning from the poor: A participatory poverty assessment in Kenya. Environment Department Paper 34. Washington, DC: World Bank.
- Ong, B. N. 1996. Rapid appraisal and health policy. San Diego, CA: Singular Publishing Group.
- Prahalad, C. K. 2005. The fortune at the bottom of the pyramid: Eradicating poverty through profits. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Wharton School Publishing.
- Sen, A. 1981. Poverty and famines: An essay on entitlement and deprivation. Oxford, UK: Clarendon.
- Sen, A. 1984. Resources, values, and development. Oxford, UK: Basil Blackwell.
- Sen, A. 1999. Development as freedom. New York: Knopf.
- Stiglitz, J. 2002. Globalization and its discontents. New York: Norton.
- United Nations Development Programme. 1996. Economic growth and human development. Human development report 1996. New York: Oxford University Press.
- United Nations Development Programme. 2003. Millennium development goals: A compact among nations to end human poverty. Human Development Report 2003. New York: Oxford University Press.
- United Nations Population Fund. 1997-2005. United Nations fund for population activities. New York: United Nations.
- Vian, T. 2001. Rapid needs assessment following cyclone disaster in Madagascar. A paper presented at the 129th annual meeting of the American Public Health Association, October 24.
- Webb, S., and B. Webb. 1910. English poor law policy. London: Longmans, Green.
- World Bank. 1980. World development report 1980. New York: Oxford University Press.
- World Bank. 1990. World development report 1990: Poverty. New York: Oxford University Press.
- World Bank. 1994. Zambia poverty assessment. Vol. 5, Participatory poverty assessment. November 30. Washington, DC.
- World Bank. 1998. Note on poverty in the Republic of Tajikistan. Prepared for the Consultative Group Meeting, May 20. Washington, DC.
- World Bank. 2000. World development report 2000/2001: Attacking poverty. New York: Oxford University Press.

CiteULike Connotea Del.icio.us Digg Reddit Technorati What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:

|
 |

|
 |
 
G. R. Laczniak and P. E. Murphy
Distributive Justice: Pressing Questions, Emerging Directions, and the Promise of Rawlsian Analysis
Journal of Macromarketing,
March 1, 2008;
28(1):
5 - 11.
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
E. Kambewa, P. Ingenbleek, and A. van Tilburg
Improving Income Positions of Primary Producers in International Marketing Channels: The Lake Victoria--EU Nile Perch Case
Journal of Macromarketing,
March 1, 2008;
28(1):
53 - 67.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
O. A. Mascarenhas, R. Kesavan, and M. Bernacchi
Buyer-Seller Information Asymmetry: Challenges to Distributive and Corrective Justice
Journal of Macromarketing,
March 1, 2008;
28(1):
68 - 84.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|
|